Portfolios: showin' off your mad skillz

Thanks for the suggestions for future posts, folks, and please feel free to keep contributing post ideas.  Anytime you have a question, I'm glad to answer it.

Commenter 2H had a good question regarding portfolios.  First of all, a portfolio is a graphic or visual record of the projects you've worked on.  A portfolio is supplemental to a resume for architects; it works with it to illustrate what you've done and what those projects were like (fancy? small? large? an addition to a really icky looking existing building?).  Second of all, the portfolio is done best when you work on it regularly.  At least once a year (preferably everytime after you finish working on a project), get the following information on all the projects you worked on:

• Name and address of client (for example, "Weathersby County Hospital, 1234 East Main Street, Lowland, Kansas 75309")
• Name of project ("Clinic Addition and Imaging Remodel")
• Square footages of work ("9,000 sf addition; 5,400 sf phased remodel")
• Your role on the project ("team member", usually if you're an intern, but you can elaborate: "created design and construction documents, generated renderings and publicity materials for client's fundraising efforts")
• The phases you worked on ("SD, DD, CD")
• PDFs of plans and elevations
• PDFs or JPGs/TIFs/image files of any renderings
• JPGs/TIFs/image files of any photos of the finished project
  
• A half-size set of the record drawings if you did a substantial amount of work on the CDs and construction administration on the project

You can keep all this info in a folder until you have a chance to work on your portfolio.  When you do work on it, simplicity is key.  Keep your graphics simple, and make sure people can read the graphics and text.  The plans, renderings, and photos (along with any text on the images) need to be clear and legible when printed as a PDF. Bear in mind that you may have to fax or email your resume and portfolio to potential employers, so be sure that the file size isn't too big and the portfolio sheets are of a size that's printable (11"x17" or 8.5"x11").  The challenge is to be clean but a bit creative as well.

Depending on what kind of work you do, you may have more or fewer sheets in your portfolio.  For example, healthcare and educational-sector interns might use only one or two sheets while museum and residential-sector interns might use two to four.  Having talked to some architects who have done hiring in my office, the fewer pages there are in an intern's resume and portfolio, the better.  If you've been working for less than four years, there's only so much you've done in your career.  Those hiring managers, who are also architects, have also told me that it's better for interns if they don't overplay or puff up their roles on projects.  One architect told me, "Anytime an intern's resume says that they were a 'project manager,' I'm really tempted to put it in the trash.  I know different offices call project management roles different things, but if you're not licensed, don't bill yourself as anything higher than 'job captain'."

Making a good portfolio takes an eye for graphics and editing, which oddly enough most architects don't have.  Editing and graphics are more related to marketing, which is ultimately what a portfolio and its resume do for you--they market you to potential employers.  Check out books from the library about marketing and graphics to get some ideas.  Look for portfolio and marketing workshops--if you're still in college, your school may have some portfolio and resume reviewing services available at their student services center, and you should take the opportunity to ask a professor or two to review your stuff.  Some professors practice outside of school, and they've likely done some hiring before.  Having someone at a portfolio review session (like the ones AIA sometimes sponsors) can be extremely helpful, because many if not all of the reviewers there are experienced architects who have seen their fair share of portfolios.

A word here for those getting out of school: using images from your school projects are just fine for your portfolio, especially if you did a thesis project.  Freehand sketches, renderings, and paintings are also acceptable, but the longer you've been out of school, the less you want to include these.  The exception would be if you work in a particular sector that lends itself to lots of hand rendering, like perhaps residential work or working at a smaller firm that might not have much in the way of computer rendering resources.

Questions?  Comments?  Let me know--this is a good topic for discussion and there's always more to say on it.

What's useful to you? An Intern 101 poll

I have lots of stuff I'm glad to comment and expound upon here, but I'd like to hear from you, the readers.  What do you want to know?  What do your friends working in offices talk about?  What are your concerns, worries, observations?  I can talk for days and weeks about topics, but it's only useful if it helps you.  Feel free to email me directly or post a comment here.  And please don't feel like whatever you're thinking is a dumb question--there are very few dumb questions when it comes to the architectural workplace, especially when you're jumping into it for the first time.

Small firm or large firm?

When it comes time to interview for jobs (whenever they come back), some wonder whether to interview with a large or small firm.  My response to the question of large versus small firms is this: it depends.

Large firms

Large firms generally have more resources.  They have more (legal) licenses of various types of software, which can make your job easier when someone wants a rendering or some high-quality presentation graphics.  They have better hardware, too; because larger firms lease more computers and servers, they have more updated equipment, which makes running the aforementioned software much easier.  They have better copiers, printers, and plotters as part of that excellent hardware.  Among the resources larger firms have is manpower and support staff.  There are administrative assistants that can type memos and fix the redlines on specs while you draw and render, IT and CAD staff that can help you troubleshoot problems and keep email organized, and HR/accounting staff that can help you figure out how many vacation days do you have left or help you figure out your 401(k) contributions. Speaking of such amenities, large firms are more in the financial position to offer employees nice financial perks like 401(k)s, paid sick time and vacation, tuition assistance for schooling or ARE testing, health care plans, and extra funds for help with parking or public transit passes.  To have the funds to have all these amenities, large firms generally get large projects, which are often high-profile proejcts.  Instead of working on a house or small office building, you're more likely to work on something that changes the skyline of a city or something that looks really cool on a resume, like a museum, multifamily housing/mixed use development, hospital, or school.  

However, the downside of a large firm is often lack of opportunity.  Because there are usually enough people around to help do the work, it's easy to get pigeonholed into doing only certain things--construction documents, exterior detailing, code studies, etc.  You have to work harder to be noticed, and you have to step up and ask for opportunities rather than wait for someone to notice.  It's also harder to get people to take a chance on something or try something new.  There's a lot more "this is how we've always done it" in larger firms, and it can be a losing battle to push against that sometimes, especially if the large firm is a national firm that has nationwide standards and procedures.

Small firms

Small firms generally lack a lot of the amenities that large firms can offer.  If they do offer them, it may only be in limited amounts--only paid holidays and one week of vacation, a 401(k) with no match, etc.  A small firm sometimes pay interns more in general in lieu of offering these sorts of perks.  Small firms generally take on smaller jobs, and though they generally have lower overhead than large firms, they often are not as recession-resistant as larger firms are.  The same low overhead that allows small firms to cost their clients less can also prevent them from having any savings to help them through the lean times.  Small firms also suffer more if you have bad management.  A large firm can absorb the stupid behavior of one of many managers, but if the one manager (or worse, the owner) in a small firm is irrational or a bad businessperson, there's no room for error and the firm goes under much more easily.

The flip side, though, is opportunity.  Because there aren't a lot of folks around, you get to wear a lot of hats and get a lot of experience.  You get to do the code study, go to client meetings, do all the drawings, perform the construction administration and see how what you drew got built for better or worse, deal with permitting and local officials, and so on.  You also have to know more about the software, hardware, and other parts of a business that other staff members take care of in a larger firm.  So you learn more, but remember that there's a learning curve that makes things harder before they get easier.  The good news is that all that you learn makes you that much more valuable in the future, whether you stay put or go elsewhere.

So, when the economy picks up, where you eventually try your luck is up to you. There are pros and cons to both sizes of firms, and ultimately any workplace is what you make of it. 

Update on NCARB fees, the Six-Month Rule, and ways to earn IDP credits while unemployed

One of my interns recently sent me a notice that the $570 penalty is waived as of July 1st of this year.  NCARB's Six-Month Rule also begins officially for everyone as of July 1st, so that makes sense.  (Some interns were going to have to wait until one year after they opened their account with NCARB, which meant they might not get to start testing until late 2009 or early 2010, even though their hours were done.)

The official start of the Six-Month Rule means two things:

1. All hours have to be submitted via the e-EVR (online) submission forms.  If you send them a paper form for submitting your hours on or after July 1st, they'll send it back and tell you to do it online.  Everyone, regardless of when you opened your NCARB record, has to submit their hours online.
2. If you open your NCARB record on or after July 1st, you can only submit hours that are eight months old.  That is, you have until the end of August to submit your hours for January 1st - May 31st.  Basically, you have to submit hours every six months.  Hence, the name of the rule.
3. If you opened your record before June 30th, 2009, the Six-Month Rule won't fully kick in for you until July 1st, 2010.  However, it's a really good idea to get in the habit now of obeying the Six-Month rule.

In a recent email bulletin from NCARB, I also got some info about ways you can earn hours (as of July 1st) even if you're unemployed (which I bet some of you are).

Community Service
Work Setting FF (Performing professional or community service when it isn't applicable to any other work setting)
Training Category D Professional and Community Service 
Maximum Training Units Allowed: 10
The program director of the activity can sign off on your training units.

AIA Continuing Education
Training Categories A-D
Maximum Training Units Allowed: 235 (.25 training units equal one learning unit.)
A copy of the AIA transcript must be submitted to NCARB to receive credit.

CSI Construction Documents Technologist (CDT) Certification
Maximum Training Units Allowed: 5
A copy of your certificate must be submitted to NCARB to receive credit.

CSI Construction Specifier (CCS) Certification
Training Category A - Specifications and Materials Research
Maximum Training Units Allowed: 5 
A copy of your certificate must be submitted to NCARB to receive credit.
(Note: this cannot be combined with EPC activities for satisfaction of minimum training units in this area.)

CSI Construction Contract Administrator (CCCA) Certification
Training Category B - Construction Phase—Office
Maximum Training Units Allowed: 5
A copy of your certificate must be submitted to NCARB to receive credit.
(Note: this cannot be combined with EPC activities for satisfaction of minimum training units in this area.)

LEED Accreditation
Training Category D - Related Activities
Maximum Training Units Allowed: 5 
A copy of your certificate must be submitted to NCARB to receive credit.
(Note: to earn supplementary education training units for LEED Accreditation between 1 July 2008 and 1 July 2009, interns must have been employed in an IDP work setting.)

NCARB Professional Conduct Monograph and Quiz
Training Category C - Office Management
Maximum Training Units Allowed: 2 
NCARB will enter your passing score into your Record.
(Note: this can be combined with three EPC activities for satisfaction of minimum training units in this area.)

AIA Continuing Education credits can be earned through doing self-reporting tests in Architectural Record (the magazine of the AIA); I'm sure lots of AIA members would be happy to give you their copy once they're done with it.  You can also earn credits through Ron Blank's free online seminars.

How to interview in a down economy

If you're just getting out of college right now, the job market looks pretty dim for you.  You may be looking for any job right now, anything that will pay some bills.  Be that as it may, it hurts nothing to contact a firm and ask for an informational interview.  An informational interview is simply that--looking for information about what a firm does and how they do it.  Ask the firm's head of HR (or whoever you reach via phone or email) if there's anyone there you could meet for lunch or coffee or even at the end of the workday just to chat.  Tell them that you're new to the architectural workplace and while you understand they and many others may not be hiring now, you'd like to know more about the work world that you'll eventually enter.  Let them know that you have lots of questions about architecture firms, as you know they're quite different than architecture schools.  Remember: people like to talk about themselves and be asked questions, so you may indeed get a bite on this.

If and or when you get a chance to meet with someone, polish up your resume and project/image portfolio and bring it along so that the person you talk to can make suggestions.  After the meeting, mail them a cover letter that serves as a thank-you note along with a hard copy of your amended resume and portfolio.  During the meeting, dress like it's a job interview, because it ultimately is.  If you don't have a lot of contacts in the architecture work world, then this is your first one; make it count.  Ask lots of questions, but do a little research beforehand if you can.  Look at their firm's website so that you get a general idea of what kind of work they do.  After seeing what they do, you can ask them about how they put together project teams, how do they pick the projects they go after, what do they find valuable in their employees and team members, and so on.  As the person how they themselves got into architecture and what path their professional career took.  Again, people love to talk about themselves, so let them.  However, don't forget to take an opportunity to tell the person about your strengths and interests, especially things that might make you a good fit for their firm later on when they decide to start hiring again.

Every boss is crazy 'bout a sharp dressed intern

Summer is upon us, and nowhere is it more apparent than in the office.  Sleeves are shorter, pants go from wool to cotton, skirt hemlines are higher, boots have been traded in for sandals, and hair goes up into ponytails.  But it's summertime that highlights the importance of dressing well in the office because it's the time most interns (and office employees in general) show too much skin and make regular attire faux pas.  With a few exceptions, the workplace in general has become less formal with regards to dress code.  It's something of a carryover from making our office discourse less formal; when "Mr. Swenson" becomes "Dave", it seems odd for him to still be wearing a tie, cotton/wool slacks, and super-shined shoes.  However, less formal does not mean casual or even schleppy.  First, here is a list of things that should never be worn in an office.  Like, ever.

• Camisoles and tank tops: ladies, if there isn't at least a cap sleeve on it, save it for after work.  And fellas, if I hear of any of you wearing a tank top outside of the gym, you will answer to my wrath.
• Flip-flops and hiking sandals: if it's a shoe you wear while doing summer water sports, save it for those water sports.
• Shorts: a couple of years ago, women's fashion magazines were flogging "formal" shorts to go along with those lacy camisoles-as-shirts I mentioned above.  Shorts are shorts, ladies.  No one needs to see that much of your leg.  If you wouldn't wear a skirt that short, then don't wear a pair of shorts of the same length.  And fellas, there's no reason to ever wear shorts to work unless you're only going to be there for a couple of hours, and then you're going hiking/camping/golfing, in which case just go have fun and quit rubbing it in our faces.
• Bare tummies and cleavage: regardless of gender and physical condition, no one wants to see your bare midsection, not even a one-inch sliver of it as you walk to the copier.  And with the low-cut shirts and low-cut pants (for both genders), it's really important to think about your frontside and backside cleavage.  When you sit down, can anyone see that much of your behind?  It's not just women with the low-cut shirts, though; fellas, button every button on that shirt except for the top one or two.

The list above doesn't put that much off limits, so what should you wear? First, let's review what business casual means.  It generally indicates that you wear at least khakis or nondenim pants or skirts, shirts that usually have some kind of collar like a polo or tailored-looking shirt (mostly this rule is for men), skirts that at least touch the top of the knee when standing (that goes for women). and polished or clean shoes.  Obviously there are exceptions to these admittedly broad rules.  Here in Colorado, the combination of cold and snowy weather with an outdoorsy culture makes fleece tops and closed-toe hiking shoes acceptable workplace attire.  And granted, as architects and design professionals, we have some creative leeway with our clothing.  It's almost expected that we'll dress a little more daring or interestingly, but there's still plenty of room for creativity to coexist with some professional modesty.  It's also possible to wear jeans in a way that they look professional, or at least grown-up.  Get some that fit well and don't look like you've been working in the yard in them.  In general, whatever you wear should be clean, ironed if it looks like it even remotely needs it, and with no holes or rips or major stains.

Some interns might say, "who cares?  I never see clients, and I should be comfortable while I'm working."  Fair enough, but you can be comfortable without looking like you just rolled out of bed.  Allow me to sound a bit like your parents for a moment: you're not in college anymore.  You're a grown-up and a professional, so dress like it.  Remember, you're working with a lot of people (some of whom you're working for) who came up in a time in which you dressed nicely to go to the store, much less to go to work.  There are plenty of affordable clothing options that aren't a scruffy-looking t-shirt and jeans.  It's called Old Navy.   And regarding the I-never-go-to-meetings excuse, never say never.  One day when I was an intern about two years out of school, a mechanical consultant came to our office for a meeting that my boss had canceled and had forgotten to tell this fellow.  My boss was gone, and so I was called to the reception desk to deal with this fellow, with whom I'd spoken on the phone several times but had never met.  I was wearing a nice silk skirt and dressy shirt and heels that day, and after I informed him that the meeting had been canceled, he asked, "Well, can we meet?  You might be the person I needed to talk to about these duct layouts anyway."  Another time, I was working along when I heard a familiar voice near my desk.  Turns out that a client I had met with a couple of times was in the office to meet regarding another project, and he had stopped by my desk to say hi.  These are just two of many small and large run-ins I've had with consultants and clients for which I was fortunately prepared appearance-wise.  You never know.

But even more than this, remember what it is you do for a living.  You're an architect in an office with a bunch of other architects.  You spend eight or more hours a day in a roomful of people who have an extremely refined sense of sight.  We are a very particular bunch about how things look, about color and texture and proportion.  Add this observation to the fact that sight is thesense that takes up more of the human brain than any other sense, and you begin to understand how much your appearance matters.  Your bosses are looking.  Your colleagues are looking.  They notice if you look like you're always hung over or that you put thought into where you're going in the morning.  

(Also, because architects are good at looking at a building's exterior and postulating correctly on its interior contents and structure, this means that you don't have to dress in tight or revealing clothing in order to attract positive attention from a potential date.  He or she can already tell what you look like.  But that brings up a good topic: interoffice dating.  We'll discuss that next time.)

One thing that will make your job (and life) better

I just returned from a long weekend across the country, where I visited my family and gave a guest lecture for a longtime friend and colleague.  My colleague is a college English professor with a deep interest in architecture, and every spring she teaches a class on the connections between art, architecture, and literature.  And every spring, I fly to her town and give a slide show and talk even more about architecture and culture and how they influence each other.  It's nice to put on a resume, sure, but moreover, it's just fun to teach.  It's fun to talk about the things that interest me and answer questions and explain things that I take for granted but others might not understand.

Architecture is an insular profession.  We spend most of our time with other architecture majors in college because our classes, especially studio, are so time consuming that we have to make friends with the other folks in our major and classes.  By the time we get to the workplace, the habit has been ingrained--we work with almost nothing but other architects, so we seek out and hang out with more architects and do architecty things with them.  We talk about how hard we work and how little sleep we get and how do you make CAD/Revit/MicroStation do this or that or how crazy our bosses or contractors are and so on.

Do me and yourselves a favor: stop.

The best thing you can do for your mental health as an architect is to get outside of architecture.  Join some clubs, talk to your neighbors, find a volunteer activity, just do whatever it takes to do things that don't involve architecture.  Go meet people that aren't architects, that aren't even interior designers or landscape architects.  In the past nine years, my circle of friends has expanded to include a psychologist, a cardiac nurse, a physical therapist, a TSA security screener/agent, a librarian, a truck driver, a special education teacher, and two English professors.  While the majority of my friends are still in the design and construction industry, I get to hang out with people that talk about other things and broaden my horizons.  By hanging out with the psychologist, I now co-teach a communication class with her.  By hanging out with the English teacher, I started volunteering at a no-kill cat shelter.  By taking some classes several years ago, I got into stand-up and improv comedy.  Even though I occasionally lecture on architecture and I still work in architecture every day, I carve out time for non-architectural pursuits.  It does two things for me: one, it keeps me from being utterly boring (who wants to hang out with someone who only talks about one subject?); and two, it gives me a break from my passion and profession that leaves me more refreshed and motivated to get back into it.